Convert between IP addresses and their numeric representations
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IP addresses can be represented as numbers, which is how computers actually process them. This conversion is useful for various networking calculations and configurations.
An IPv4 address consists of 4 octets (8-bit numbers), which together form a 32-bit number. For example, the IP address 192.168.1.1 can be represented as the decimal number 3232235777.
The conversion is done by treating each octet as part of a 32-bit integer:
192 × 256³ + 168 × 256² + 1 × 256¹ + 1 × 256⁰ = 3232235777
IPv6 addresses are 128-bit numbers, typically represented in hexadecimal format. Due to their size, they're usually displayed as a series of 8 groups of 4 hexadecimal digits.
For example, 2001:0db8:0000:0000:0000:ff00:0042:8329 can be shortened to 2001:db8::ff00:42:8329.
The numeric representation of IPv6 addresses is typically shown in hexadecimal due to their length.
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